30.8.22

Passovers of Blood (2007)

Juutalainen akateemikko on järkyttänyt Italiaa väittämällä, että juutalaiset murhasivat kristittyjä heidän verensä vuoksi keskiajalla, jotta verta voitaisiin käyttää rituaaleissa. Yksityiskohdat paljastettiin italialaisessa Corriere della Sera -sanomalehdessä, joka julkaisi otteita professori Ariel Toaffin kirjasta Easter of Blood [Blood Passover / Passovers of Blood]. [...] Kirja kuvaa kaksivuotiaan pojan silpomista ja ristiinnaulitsemista Kristuksen teloituksen luomiseksi uudelleen pesahina, juutalaisten pääsiäisenä. Festivaali merkitsee juutalaisten pakenemista Egyptistä, ja professori Toaff sanoo, että kristityn verta käytettiin "taikoihin ja terapeuttisiin käytäntöihin". Joissakin tapauksissa veri sekoitettiin taikinaan, josta tehtiin pesahina syötävää happamatonta leipää eli azzimoa. Hän sanoo, että teot tapahtuivat Trenton kaupungin ympäristössä nykyaikaisessa Pohjois-Italiassa 1000- ja 1300-luvuilla. Professori Toaff perusti kirjansa tunnustuksiin, jotka hänen mukaansa olivat peräisin juutalaisista, jotka oli vangittu ja tuomittu tämän käytännön vuoksi. Hän sanoi, että useat teloitettiin sen jälkeen, kun he tunnustivat kristittyjen lasten ristiinnaulitsemisen.[1]              —Andrew M. Rosemarine

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[1] Andrew M. Rosemarine, Professor outrages Jews with book claim, The Telegraph, (12:01 AM GMT 08 Feb 2007).

According to the trial record, on Easter Sunday, 26 March, a cook named Seligman went to Samuel's cellar to fetch water to prepare the evening meal and found Simon's body in the water. Samuel himself, accompanied by two other Jews, went to the podestà to report the discovery. Later that evening, the podestà and some of his men retrieved the body, with his servant Ulrich being ordered to carry it to the hospital. The narrative summary based on the trial documents, drafted in 1478–1479, omitted the fact that the Jews had themselves reported finding the body, stating only that Ulrich had found Simon's body in a ditch next to Samuel's house. [...] Fifteen of the Jews, including Samuel, the head of the community, were sentenced to death and burnt at the stake. The Jewish women were accused as accomplices but argued their gender did not allow them to participate in the rituals restricted to men. They were freed from prison in 1478 due to papal intervention. One Jew, Israel, was allowed to convert to Christianity for a short while, but he was arrested again after other Jews confessed he was part of the Passover Seder. After a long period of torture he was also sentenced to death on 19 January. The Trent trial's notoriety inspired a rise in Christian violence towards Jews in the surrounding areas of Veneto, Lombardy, and Tyrol, along with accusations of ritual murder, culminating in Vicenza with the prohibition of Jewish moneylending in 1479 and the expulsion of all Jews in 1486. —Simon of Trent, Wikipedia.

Passovers of Blood: The Jews of Europe and Ritual Murders (orig. lang. Pasque di sangue. Ebrei d'Europa e omicidi rituali) is a 2007 book by Israeli historian Ariel Toaff. The book analyses a notorious medieval trial regarding accusations of the ritual murder of a child by Jews for the purposes of Passover. Because the book lent credence to one of the ritual murder stories, it sparked intense controversy including calls for him to resign from or be fired from his professorship; the questioning of his research, historical method(s), and motives as they relate to his writing of the book; threats to his life; and demands that he be prosecuted. —Passovers of Blood, Wikipedia.

Ariel Toaff (born 1942) is a professor of Medieval and Renaissance History at Bar-Ilan University in Israel, whose work has focused on Jews and their history in Italy. He came to international prominence with the 2007 publication of the first edition of his controversial book Pasque Di Sangue (Passovers of Blood), in which he claimed historical basis for ritual use of human blood, obtained by murder. [...] The book was much criticized for providing material that anti-Semites might capitalize on, though Sergio Luzzatto praised his intellectual courage in reopening a dossier that had lain under a taboo. [...] Toaff thinks it possible that in certain Ashkenazi groups dried human blood came to play a magical role in calling down God's vengeance on Christians, the historic persecutors of the Jews, and that this reaction may have affected certain forms of ritual practice among a restricted number of Ashkenazi Jews during Passover. —Ariel Toaff, Wikipedia.

Cnaan Liphshiz, Prominent Italian painter unveils a work depicting anti-Semitic blood libel, The Times of Israel, (27 March 2020, 11:13 pm).
Aaron Reich, Italian artist accused of antisemitism for new painting of blood libel, The Jerusalem Post, (MARCH 27, 2020 06:28).